Suchergebnisse

Real-time evaluations (RTEs) are formative, utilization-focused evaluations that provide immediate feedback. Within the humanitarian system, RTEs are an innovation for improved learning and accountability today. In fluid and fast-changing environments they bridge the gap between conventional monitoring and evaluation, and influence policy and operational decision-making in a timely fashion. RTEs identify and propose solutions to operational and organizational problems in the midst of major humanitarian responses. The article (a) defines RTEs and situates them in the wider evaluation landscape; (b) examines RTEs' use and users; (c) focuses on current methodological approaches; (d) looks into challenges, opportunities, and limitations that condition uptake; and (e) draws lessons and recommendations. Les évaluations en temps réel (ÉTR) sont des 'évaluations formatives axées sur l'utilisation qui donnent de la rétroaction immédiate. Aujourd'hui les ÉTR sont une innovation qui contribue à améliorer l'apprentissage et la redevabilité dans le système humanitaire. Dans des contextes fluides qui changent rapidement, elles surmontent les lacunes entre le suivi et l'évaluation conventionnels et influencent les politiques et les prises de décisions opérationnelles de façon opportune. Les ÉTR identifient et proposent des solutions aux problèmes opérationnels et organisationnels au cours de réponses humanitaires majeures. Cet article (a) défi nit les ÉTR et les situe dans le champ plus étendu de l'évaluation; (b) éxamine l'utilisation et les utilisateurs des ÉTR; (c) analyse les approches méthologiques actuelles; (d) étudie les défi s, les possibilités, et les limites qui affectent la mise en oeuvre; et (e) présente des leçons et des recommandations.

The following speech was given by the President of the International Committee of the Red Cross, Peter Maurer, on 2 October 2014 at the Maison de la Paix in Geneva during a conference organized by the Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies. Maurer recalled the continued relevance and importance of the humanitarian principles and warned that a lack of common understanding, as well as politicized uses of the principles, jeopardizes the scope and scale of humanitarian action. The speech launched the ICRC's Second Research and Debate Cycle on Principles Guiding Humanitarian Action. Throughout 2015 – the year of the 50th anniversary of the adoption of the Fundamental Principles of the Red Cross and Red Movement (the Movement) and of the 32nd International Conference of the Movement, and leading to the World Humanitarian Summit in 2016 – the Research and Debate Cycyle has gathered key actors in the humanitarian field during public events and high-level conferences.1These events have encouraged substantive discussions on the principles among experts from the Movement, the humanitarian, governmental and academic fields, and other informed participants.

International audience ; Summary: Two main UN reports (Brandt and Palme) include the satisfaction of human needs in the research of disarmament and peace. However, there are not a lot of analyses concentrated on humanitarian actions. Some actions of force are developed in order to fight against organized and systematic violations of the humanitarian right on the territory of another State. It implies the usage of the force and the other coercive means in order to stop the violent neglects in the humanitarian right (right to interfere). However, the integrity of the sovereign power of States stays the main foundations of the international law. The "duty to interfere" intervention must not be mixed up with the humanitarian intervention, which is peaceful, restful on the assistance to the victims of armed conflicts or natural disasters. There is two " political economies of the humanitarian ", expressed in the civil domain or by a military intervention. ; Résumé : Deux rapports principaux des Nations unies (Brandt et Palme) traitent de la satisfaction des besoins humains dans la recherche du désarmement et de la paix. Cependant, il n'y a pas beaucoup d'analyses concentrées sur les actions humanitaires. Certaines actions de force sont développées afin de lutter contre les violations organisées et systématiques du droit humanitaire sur le territoire d'un autre Etat. Cela implique l'utilisation de la force et d'autres moyens coercitifs afin de mettre fin aux négligences violentes du droit humanitaire (droit d'ingérence). Cependant, l'intégrité du pouvoir souverain des États reste le fondement principal du droit international. Le "devoir d'ingérence" ne doit pas être confondu avec l'intervention humanitaire, qui est pacifique, reposant sur l'assistance aux victimes de conflits armés ou de catastrophes naturelles. Il existe deux "économies politiques de l'humanitaire", qui s'expriment dans le domaine civil ou par une intervention militaire.

International audience ; Summary: Two main UN reports (Brandt and Palme) include the satisfaction of human needs in the research of disarmament and peace. However, there are not a lot of analyses concentrated on humanitarian actions. Some actions of force are developed in order to fight against organized and systematic violations of the humanitarian right on the territory of another State. It implies the usage of the force and the other coercive means in order to stop the violent neglects in the humanitarian right (right to interfere). However, the integrity of the sovereign power of States stays the main foundations of the international law. The "duty to interfere" intervention must not be mixed up with the humanitarian intervention, which is peaceful, restful on the assistance to the victims of armed conflicts or natural disasters. There is two " political economies of the humanitarian ", expressed in the civil domain or by a military intervention. ; Résumé : Deux rapports principaux des Nations unies (Brandt et Palme) traitent de la satisfaction des besoins humains dans la recherche du désarmement et de la paix. Cependant, il n'y a pas beaucoup d'analyses concentrées sur les actions humanitaires. Certaines actions de force sont développées afin de lutter contre les violations organisées et systématiques du droit humanitaire sur le territoire d'un autre Etat. Cela implique l'utilisation de la force et d'autres moyens coercitifs afin de mettre fin aux négligences violentes du droit humanitaire (droit d'ingérence). Cependant, l'intégrité du pouvoir souverain des États reste le fondement principal du droit international. Le "devoir d'ingérence" ne doit pas être confondu avec l'intervention humanitaire, qui est pacifique, reposant sur l'assistance aux victimes de conflits armés ou de catastrophes naturelles. Il existe deux "économies politiques de l'humanitaire", qui s'expriment dans le domaine civil ou par une intervention militaire.

International audience ; Summary: Two main UN reports (Brandt and Palme) include the satisfaction of human needs in the research of disarmament and peace. However, there are not a lot of analyses concentrated on humanitarian actions. Some actions of force are developed in order to fight against organized and systematic violations of the humanitarian right on the territory of another State. It implies the usage of the force and the other coercive means in order to stop the violent neglects in the humanitarian right (right to interfere). However, the integrity of the sovereign power of States stays the main foundations of the international law. The "duty to interfere" intervention must not be mixed up with the humanitarian intervention, which is peaceful, restful on the assistance to the victims of armed conflicts or natural disasters. There is two " political economies of the humanitarian ", expressed in the civil domain or by a military intervention. ; Résumé : Deux rapports principaux des Nations unies (Brandt et Palme) traitent de la satisfaction des besoins humains dans la recherche du désarmement et de la paix. Cependant, il n'y a pas beaucoup d'analyses concentrées sur les actions humanitaires. Certaines actions de force sont développées afin de lutter contre les violations organisées et systématiques du droit humanitaire sur le territoire d'un autre Etat. Cela implique l'utilisation de la force et d'autres moyens coercitifs afin de mettre fin aux négligences violentes du droit humanitaire (droit d'ingérence). Cependant, l'intégrité du pouvoir souverain des États reste le fondement principal du droit international. Le "devoir d'ingérence" ne doit pas être confondu avec l'intervention humanitaire, qui est pacifique, reposant sur l'assistance aux victimes de conflits armés ou de catastrophes naturelles. Il existe deux "économies politiques de l'humanitaire", qui s'expriment dans le domaine civil ou par une intervention militaire.

Although a growing number of NGOs are combining humanitarian and development activities, it was long the case that humanitarian action was isolated from discussions and practices in the world of development. The work of saving lives was deemed to be guided solely by the humanitarian principles, and discussions on accountability were rare. In the 1990s, humanitarian standards initiatives arose in recognition that humanitarian organisations were not accountable to affected populations. This article aims to take stock of accountability initiatives and practices in the sector. It builds on accountability theory in distinguishing upward, sideways, and downward accountability, and incorporates formal and informal forms of accountability. It is based on empirical research in Myanmar, Afghanistan, and Sierra Leone. The first part of the article outlines the history of accountability in the humanitarian sector, including an accountability timeline, and discusses current trends in performances around accountability towards displaced people, minorities, and other recipients of aid. It then presents the findings from the three countries. The article concludes by calling attention to the everyday politics of accountability, the widening accountability arena, the differential accountability demands on international and national aid providers, and the crucial importance of sideways accountability to bring accountability to a next level.

Nelson Mandela once said, "Education is the great engine of personal development. It is through education that the daughter of a peasant can become a doctor, that a son of a mineworker can become the head of the mine that a child of firm workers can become the president of a great nation. It is what we make out of what we have, not what we are given, that separates one person from another. I dream of an Africa which is in peace with itself" In today's global world, where we are all interconnected, states cannot afford to live in isolation. There is a growing awareness that we need to work together to address African humanitarian crisis situations. Working together for the common good is highly vital to save the millions of African people, whose lives are threatened by natural disasters, wars, famines & epidemics. Therefore, humanitarianism in this context refers to the practice of humane treatment by providing assistance to others, that it is the belief that the sole moral obligation of humankind is the improvement of human welfare. All human beings deserve respect & dignity; therefore, humanitarians work by advancing the well-being of humanity as a whole. Adapted from the source document.

Although a growing number of NGOs are combining humanitarian and development activities, it was long the case that humanitarian action was isolated from discussions and practices in the world of development. The work of saving lives was deemed to be guided solely by the humanitarian principles, and discussions on accountability were rare. In the 1990s, humanitarian standards initiatives arose in recognition that humanitarian organisations were not accountable to affected populations. This article aims to take stock of accountability initiatives and practices in the sector. It builds on accountability theory in distinguishing upward, sideways, and downward accountability, and incorporates formal and informal forms of accountability. It is based on empirical research in Myanmar, Afghanistan, and Sierra Leone. The first part of the article outlines the history of accountability in the humanitarian sector, including an accountability timeline, and discusses current trends in performances around accountability towards displaced people, minorities, and other recipients of aid. It then presents the findings from the three countries. The article concludes by calling attention to the everyday politics of accountability, the widening accountability arena, the differential accountability demands on international and national aid providers, and the crucial importance of sideways accountability to bring accountability to a next level.

PurposeAlthough the UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) emphasize the importance of leaving no one behind, the opposite is happening for the world's 89 million forcibly displaced people who are mostly left out of SDGs' reporting and progress. A key reason for this poor outcome is that host country governments plan refugee camps as short-term shelters, but refugees stay in these camps for more than a decade on average due to ongoing conflicts in their home country. This disparity between intent and reality prevents sustainable living conditions for refugee populations. Operational innovations are needed to find sustainable solutions that ensure a higher quality of life and progress toward sustainability in refugee camps.Design/methodology/approachThrough an abductive case study, the authors develop a theoretical framework on sustainable operational innovations for refugee camps. The authors use this framework to analyze four sustainable operational innovations implemented in three refugee camps in Jordan.FindingsThe authors develop three research propositions that describe the conditions required for these operational innovations to succeed: they need to include specific needs and cultural preferences of refugees, they must accommodate host governments' restrictions that limit permanent settlement, and finally, technological innovations require careful data management policies to protect refugees. Doing this, the authors account for the broader political-economic and ecological environments that refugee camps are embedded in.Originality/valueThis paper opens a new area of research on sustainable innovation in humanitarian operations. It provides insights into key contingency factors moderating the link between operational innovations and sustainability outcomes. It represents one of the few studies that build their theorizing upon field data collected in refugee camps.